Hooverville was a small town founded by homeless people in the United States during the Great Depression. KidsKonnect uses a secure SSL connection to encrypt your data and we only work with trusted payment processors Stripe and PayPal. Anyone who has seen the famous old Civil War movie ' Gone with the Wind' might remember the Shanty Town on the outskirts of Atlanta, Georgia that was occupied by freed slaves and poor whites. St. Louis, Missouri, and Seattle, Washington, were home to two of the countrys largest and longest-standing Hoovervilles. He had first achieved fame during World War I when he ran the U.S. Food Administration, and his managerial skills, relentless work ethic, and ability to feed both the troops and the homefront simultaneously won him enormous praise. As the Depression deepened, the sheer number of homeless people became overwhelming. months[5] = "Explore the interesting, and fascinating selection of unique websites created and produced by the Siteseen network. In 1932, Hooverville was established in Anacostia, District of Columbia, to house a group of WWI veterans seeking expedited benefits, dubbed the Bonus Army. months[3] = "Check out the interesting and diverse websites produced and created by the international publisher in the Siteseen network. The Great Depression was the most severe and enduring economic collapse of the 20th century, and included abrupt declines in the supply and demand of goods and services along with a meteoric rise in unemployment. The publics frustration with President Hoovers refusal to deal with the Depression peaked in the spring of 1932 when an estimated 15,000 World War I veterans and their families established a Hooverville along the Anacostia River in Washington, D.C. On June 17, 1932, many of the veterans, known as the Bonus Army, marched on the U.S. Capitol demanding payment the badly needed WWI combat bonuses the government had promised them. [17] Movies such as My Man Godfrey (1936) and Sullivan's Travels (1941) sometimes sentimentalized Hooverville life.[18]. Erected by unemployed lumberjacks on the tidal flats of the Port of Seattle, the encampment covered nine acres and grew to house up to 1,200 people. The peak of the Great Depression was from 1932 to 1933. Photos from shantytowns across the country show images of families, including women and children, dwelling in their makeshift home. Herbert Hoover was president during the start of the Great Depression. Hundreds of Hoovervilles were established across the country during the 1930s. Whenever possible, Hoovervilles were built near rivers for the convenience of a water source. Technically, these settlements were often in violation of state or local law; and even though they were often raided, it became common practice for authorities to endure them. Seattle, in 2009, is currently facing a recession that may be the most serious since the Depression of the 1930s, and a community similar to Hooverville has formed. Thousands of Hoovervilles began to appear all over the country. More often than not, Hoovervilles were tolerated. WATCH: America: The Story of Us on HISTORY Vault. Excerpt from "Seattle's Hooverville" by Leslie D. Erb (1935), [1] Donald Francis Roy, "Hooverville: A Study of a Community of Homeless Men in Seattle," (M.A. .adslot_1 { width: 300px; height: 250px; } Seattle was also the location of seven other shantytowns. The Great Depression drew to an end with the outbreak of WW2 and municipal programs aimed at "eradicating" shantytowns destroyed all the Hoovervilles. A 'Hoover blanket' was a newspaper, covering a homeless man on a city bench; a 'Hoover flag' was a turned-out pants pocket, a sure sign of pennilessness. Multiple factors led to the Great Depression, including the U.S. stock market crash in October 1929 and the widespread failure of the American banking system, both of which helped destroy confidence in the nations economy. In 1933, it was 25%, with 1 out of every 4 people out of work. Hoovervilles varied in size from a few hundred residents to thousands of people in larger cities like New York City, Washington, D.C., and Seattle, Washington. There were dozens in the state of Washington, hundreds throughout the country, each testifying to the housing crisis that accompanied the employment crisis of the early 1930s. [3], The city tolerated Hoovervilles until the eve of World War II. Today the nine acre site is used to unload container ships. Democrats coined many terms based on opinions of Herbert Hoover[5] such as "Hoover blanket" (old newspaper used as blanketing). Almost 6,000 shanty towns, called Hoovervilles, sprang up in the 1930s. Homelessness followed quickly from joblessness once the economy began to crumble in the early 1930s. Divided into distinct sectors, the racially integrated and cohesive encampment was home to as many as 8,000 destitute people. (Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images). Roosevelts recovery program, known as the New Deal, eventually reduced unemployment, regulated banking and helped turn the ailing economy around with public works projects and other economic programs. Trade your paper with a Partner. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. The shanty town was so big that people established their own community government and elected a 'mayor' as their leader to settle any disputes. The inhabitants of the Hoovervilles and shantytowns in the 1930s were deprived of many of these basic needs - for additional facts refer to Poverty in the Great Depression. Others were simply holes dug in the ground covered with pieces of tin. The first nine years of the so-called Roaring Twenties had been a decade of prosperity and optimism in the United States. On two occasions, the Seattle Health Department ordered the residents to leave and burned their shanties when they refused. As the optimism of the 1920s gave way to fear and desperation, Americans looked to the federal government for relief. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. He wasn't a particularly warm, charismatic individual; he had won the presidency on the strength of his record and his character, but very few people would have described him as sympathetic (though by all accounts, he agonized over the suffering of the Great Depression). President Herbert Hoover & the Great Depression, America During the Great Depression: The Dust Bowl, Unemployment & Cultural Issues, End of WWI, the Treaty of Versailles & the League of Nations, Ku Klux Klan Nativism & Eugenics | Movement & History. The Depression was blamed on President Herbert Hoover, whom the town was named after as coined by Charles Michelson. In addition to his perceived disregard for the harm done by the Great Depression, Hoover was criticized for backing the controversial Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act. Not ready to purchase a subscription? City officials alternately tolerated and tried to eradicate the shack town. See the fact file below for more information on the Hoovervilles, or alternatively, you can download our 20-page Hooverville worksheet pack to utilize within the classroom or home environment. A "Hoover wagon" was an automobile with horses hitched to it, often with the engine removed. To find out more, see our, Download the Hooverville Facts & Worksheets, Hooverville Facts & Worksheets: https://kidskonnect.com, Resources created by teaching professionals. Longley, Robert. MacArthurs troops set fire to the Hooverville and drove the group from the city with bayonets and tear gas. OKIESOkies is a term applied generally to people from the American Southwest who migrated to the Pacific Coast, particularly to California, during the Great Depression. var current_date = new Date(); month_value = current_date.getMonth(); day_value = current_date.getDate(); year_value = current_date.getFullYear(); document.write( months[month_value] ); was the 31st American President who served in office from March 4, 1929 to March 4, 1933. Response from Health Department (May 23, 1935) Both his parents were dead by the time he was nine. However, most buildings were little more than crude shelters thrown together from wooden crates, cardboard boxes, tar paper, scrap metal, and other fire-prone discarded materials. The makeshift shacks were constructed from unwanted materials and lacked basic amenities such as adequate sanitation and clean drinking water. However, Hoovervilles were typically grim and unsanitary. READ MORE:Life for the Average Family During the Great Depression, In addition to the term Hooverville, President Hoovers name was used derisively in other ways during the Great Depression. "; "[1], The city imposed modest building and sanitation rules, required that women and children not live in the Hooverville, and expected the residents to keep order. His records show populations of Japanese, Mexican, Filipino, Native American, Costa Rican, Chilean, and Black men. Small camps and sites in towns sprang up in any available space. Hoovervilles were racially integrated. Thousands of World War I veterans, calling themselves the Bonus Army, had arrived in the nation's capital to demand early payment of a bonus they had been promised at the end of the war. He was the President, after all, and there were many things he could do--but he was in trouble from the start, for a couple of different reasons. Businesses made huge profits, but average workers wages did not rise at the same rate. I feel like its a lifeline. Exhibt A: Map of Number and Distribution of Shacks (March 5, 1941) The New Deal enacted special relief programs aimed at the homeless under the Federal Transient Service (FTS), which operated from 1933 to 1939. Report of Shack Elimination Committee (April 14, 1941) The quality and livability of structures built in Hooverville camps varied widely. At that time, President Herbert Hoover increasingly became, in the eyes of many Americans, a grim and inept leader. Beyond the waters lie two rugged mountain ranges, the Olympics to the west and the Cascades to the east. For webquest or practice, print a copy of this quiz at the Great Depression - Hoovervilles webquest print page. In the summer of 1931 a group of Seattle residents organized to establish self-help enterprises and demand that government officials create jobs and increase relief assistance to unemployed. Click the Edit button above to get started. The primary cause was rapid economic growth, which was accompanied by excessive risk-taking at the aggregate level in the market. You can use these worksheets as-is, or edit them using Google Slides to make them more specific to your own student ability levels and curriculum standards. While private and corporate philanthropy provided some assistance during the early 1930s, poverty continued to increase rapidly. People experiencing homelessness made them from scraps of wood, tin, tar, and cardboard, and named . [4] Most of these unemployed residents of the Hoovervilles relied on public charities or begged for food from those who had housing during this era. Definition, Examples, Pros and Cons. Seattle's main Hooverville was one of the largest, longest-lasting, and best documented in the nation. Most large cities built municipal lodging houses for the homeless, but the Depression exponentially increased demand. What were Hoovervilles during the Great Depression? After negotiating with the camps mayor, the Health Department agreed to let the residents remain as long they observed minimal safety and sanitary rules. In 1932, Hooverville was established in Anacostia, District of Columbia, to house a group of. After hosting several homeless settlements, the reservoir was dubbed the Hoover Valley and Depression Street. [7], While some Hoovervilles created a sort of government, most were unorganized collections of shanty houses. Hoover leather referred to cardboard or newspaper used to replace worn-out shoe soles. The government refused to pay, citing Depression-era budgetary restrictions. Home Facts Privacy About Blog Contact Terms. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. The camp began when an unemployed lumberjack Spread over nine acres; it housed a population of up to 1,200. Many of us spend a great deal of time imagining what we'd do if we had a lot of money--if we won the lottery, for example. Nonwhites comprised 29% of the colony's population, including 120 Filipinos, 29 African Americas, 25 Mexicans, 4 Native Americans, 4 South Americans, and 2 Japanese. Encampments and shantytowns often referred to as tent citieswith similarities to Hoovervillesbegan appearing in parts of California, Arizona, Tennessee, Florida, Washington and other states. President Herbert Hoover, however, refused to propose any assistance programs, saying instead that Americans should help each other. 2 See answers Advertisement jayilych4real Mark has a Ph.D in Social Science Education. In 1929, unemployment was around 3%. Many people would can their food so that it would last longer. Throughout the country, Hoovervilles, or makeshift shanties, would spring up to provide shelter wherever possible, often near water sources or the soup kitchens operated by churches and charities. The Red Scare of the 1920s History & Overview | What was the First Red Scare? "; For example, newspapers used to shield the homeless from the cold were called Hoover blankets, while empty pants pockets pulled inside outdemonstrating no coins in ones pocketswere Hoover flags., When soles wore out of shoes, the cardboard used to replace them was dubbed Hoover leather, and cars pulled by horses because gas was an unaffordable luxury were called Hoover wagons.. Signed in June 1930, the decidedly protectionist law placed extremely high tariffs on imported foreign goods. However, some countries retaliated by raising their tariffs, and international trade was hampered. Inadequate sanitation, lack of clean drinking water and poor nutrition lead to a variety of diseases and illnesses such as tuberculosis, diphtheria, diarrhea, rickets, influenza, pneumonia and skin diseases. Most settlers were disorganized, and only a few established a form of government. What does it tell you about Hooverville society? A "Hooverville" was a shanty town built during the Great Depression by the homeless in the United States. which contrasted the prosperity of the previous decade with the current crisis. The new population was forced to set up makeshift "towns" known as "Hoovervilles." 16. months[6] = "Uncover a wealth of facts and information on a variety of subjects produced by the Siteseen network. Some Hoovervilles had basic public services and conveniences. Some of the homeless found shelter inside empty conduits and water mains. The longest lasting Hooverville, located in Seattle, Washington, stood as a semi-autonomous community from 1931 to 1941. Odd pieces of wood, stones, loose boards, crates, cardboard, scraps of other materials, old bricks and parts of boxes. Click to see google map of shack towns in Seattle area and more photos and descriptions.In Seattle shacks appeared in many locations in 1930 and 1931, but authorities usually destroyed them after neighbors complained. months[8] = "This website is produced by the Siteseen network that specializes in producing free informative websites on a diverse range of topics. We are grateful to the Seattle Municipal Archives, King County Archives, and the University of Washington Library Special Collections for permission to incorporate materials in their collections. "; Write THREE true facts about this topic and ONE lie about this topic in the boxes below2. Herbert Hoover was a rising star of American politics when he won the presidential election of 1928. Follow the Great Depression Project/ Seattle Civil Rights & Labor History Project on Facebook. Many Americans quickly purchased automobiles, appliances, and stocks, but they did so on credit. Renters fell behind and faced eviction. The majority of the homeless chose to live in small towns where they could easily access free soup kitchens. For example, one of the eight Hoovervilles in Seattle, Washington, stood from 1931 to 1941. It comes from the New York Public Library. It became the most widespread crisis of the twentieth century, affecting several countries worldwide. Hoovervilles primarily popped up on the outskirts of major cities. These are ready-to-use Hooverville worksheets that are perfect for teaching students about Hooverville, which was a small town founded by homeless people in the United States during the Great Depression. When the government failed to provide relief, President Herbert Hoover was blamed for the intolerable economic and social conditions, so the shantytowns that cropped up became known as Hoovervilles. months[1] = "Find information about the instructive websites produced by international publisher Siteseen Ltd. "; To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. [9], Regardless of the gender of the residents, Hoovervilles served as a common ground for many different nationalities and ethnicities. Hooverville served as a home for different nationalities and ethnicities. Sign Me Up. These worksheets have been specifically designed for use with any international curriculum. For example, in New York City, encampments sprang up along the Hudson and East rivers. [2] Among the white population, nationalities included English, Irish, Polish, Spanish, Italian, and Russian. Americas longest lasting Hooverville in Seattle, Washington, stood for ten years, from 1931 to 1941. Source for information on Okies: Encyclopedia of the Great Depression dictionary. Many squeezed in with relatives. Cardboard covering a worn-out shoe sole was 'Hoover leather,' and cars pulled by horses (since no one could afford gasoline) were 'Hoover wagons.'. Both times, however, the Hooverville shacks were immediately rebuilt. It is a city built on hills and around water, in a mild marine climate that encourages prolific . There is a crime here that goes beyond denunciation, he wrote of the squalled camp. "Hoovervilles," shanty towns of unemployed men, sprung up all over the nation, named after President Hoover's insufficient relief during the crisis. "Nobody Paid any Attention": The Economic Marginalization of Seattle's Hooverville, Seattles Hooverville: The Failure of Effective Unemployment Relief in the Early 1930s, Hooverville: A Study of a Community of Homeless Men in Seattle, Seattle Municipal Archives Hooverville Documents, Unemployed Citizens League and Poverty Activism, Self-Help Activists: The Seattle Branches of the Unemployed Citizens League, Organizing the Unemployed: The Early 1930s, Civil Rights and Labor History Consortium | University of Washington. Hoovervilles were not fancy or well-constructed. As the Great Depression deepened people protested and launched hunger marches. Filipinos and Mexicans were the only ones who were separated, but this was due to language rather than racial discrimination. A Hooverville near Portland, Oregon. A shantytown, also known as a Hooverville (named for U.S. President Herbert Hoover), was located in Seattle, Washington, during the Great Depression. Workers, whether migrant or immigrant, suffered from a lack of jobs making up a large portion of Hooverville. Hoovervilles and Homelessness. Exhibit C: Physical Conditions and Occupancy of Shacks (March 5, 1941) Browse Catalog. The economic depression began in September 1929 and was immediately followed by the October 24 Wall Street stock market crash. This page was last edited on 16 February 2023, at 00:48. As America's housing and economic crisis worsened through 2009, homelessness was on the rise. Facts about Shantytowns and HoovervillesThe following fact sheet contains interesting facts and information on Shantytowns and Hoovervilles. How many people lived in the Hoovervilles in the 1930s? When Roosevelt took office in 1933, he acted swiftly to stabilize the economy and provide jobs and relief read more, The Stock Market Crash of 1929 occurred on October 29, 1929, when Wall Street investors traded some 16 million shares on the New York Stock Exchange in a single day. St. Louis, Missouri, was the site of the largest Hooverville in America. Life in these Hoovervilles was difficult and caused many people to migrate throughout the United States in search of better opportunities elsewhere. The Seattle City Council decided to close Hooverville in May 1941, despite the increased reliance on it for shelter. People who rented their homes fell behind with the rent and were evicted by bailiffs. "; Homeowners lost their property when they could not pay mortgages or pay taxes. Who lived in a Hooverville or Shanty Town? On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. To find out more, see our cookie policy. Hoovervilles were hundreds of crude campgrounds built across the United States by poverty stricken people who had lost their homes because of the Great Depression of the 1930s. Most were unemployed laborers and timber workers, few of whom had held any jobs in the previous two years. The current "Nickelsville" is a nod to Seattle Mayor Greg Nickels, just as "Hooverville" was a sarcastic nod to . Hoovervilles: Homeless Camps of the Great Depression. The highly unpopular Hoover was defeated in the 1932 presidential election by Franklin D. Roosevelt, whose New Deal recovery programs eventually helped lift the United States out of the Depression. The term was coined by Charles Michelson. Most men with construction skills were able to build their houses out of stone, but those who could not resort to making their residences out of wood from the materials available to them, most of which were recycled. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Although people would often use castoff lumber and building materials, more often than not Hooverville structures were built with cardboard, tar paper, and other comparatively flimsy elements. Usually built on the edges of larger cities, hundreds of thousands of people lived in the many Hooverville camps. Most shanties, however, were distinctly less ambitious: Cardboard-box homes did not last long, and most dwellings were in a constant state of being rebuilt. Hooverville was the popular name attributed to shanty towns that sprung up throughout the United States during the Great Depression. Roy noted that the only Filipinos and Mexican men were segregated, generally due to language rather than racial discrimination. As high winds and choking dust swept the region from Texas to Nebraska, people and livestock were killed and read more, The New Deal was a series of programs and projects instituted during the Great Depression by President Franklin D. Roosevelt that aimed to restore prosperity to Americans. Residents of the previous Hooverville in Tacoma rebuilt homes on the same site they occupied throughout. Usually built on the edges of larger cities, hundreds of thousands of people lived in the many Hooverville camps. The numbers, as mind-boggling as they are, tend not to reflect the actual state of suffering caused by the greatest economic catastrophe in U.S. history. [2] Donald Francis Roy, a citizen of Seattles Hooverville, took detailed recordings of the population during his time there. Second New Deal Purpose & Programs | What was the Second New Deal? University of Washington: The Great Depression in Washington State.Hoovervilles in Seattle. They are crowded, dirty, miserable, and they are places where the homeless gather to build temporary homes. It is just west of Qwest Field and the Alaska Viaduct. Summary and Definition: The Shanty Towns, known as Hoovervilles, sprang up across the nation during the Great Depression (1929 - 1941). Built with all over the world Copyright 19992023This site uses cookies to improve your experience. Courtesy Tacoma Public Library. A Tarpaper Carthage: Interpreting Hooverville. I highly recommend you use this site! Chapter 1: The Great Depression Strikes Pennsylvania Chapter 2: Political Change and the New Deal Coalition Chapter 3: The New Deal in Pennsylvania: Public Works and Organized Labor Chapter 4: Popular Culture and Society in the 1930s Learn More Story Details Historical Markers In the Story Original Documents Story Credits Story Bibliography Lessons from Hooverville still have not been learned today. - Definition & History, Effects & Events of the US Civil War from Various Perspectives, William Monroe Trotter: Quotes & Biography, Andrew Carnegie: Steel, Net Worth & Philanthropy, Neil Armstrong: Biography, Facts & Moon Landing, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. A request from the city was that women and children would not be allowed to live in the shantytown. Covering nine acres of public land, it housed a population of up to 1,200, claimed its own community government including an unofficial mayor, and enjoyed the protection of leftwing groups and sympathetic public officials Hundreds of Hoovervilles were established across the country during the 1930s. Robert Longley is a U.S. government and history expert with over 30 years of experience in municipal government and urban planning. They were named after Herbert Hoover, who was President of the United States during the onset of the Depression and was widely blamed for it. No two Hoovervilles were quite alike, and the camps varied in population and size. This website helped me pass! The decision led to the establishment of the Shack Elimination Committee by the City Council. Life for the Average Family During the Great Depression. Hooverville housed about 10,000 veterans and their families in ramshackle shelters built from old lumber, packing boxes, and scrapped tin from a nearby junk pile. After 1940, all of Hooverville were destroyed as the economy recovered and the unemployment rate fell eventually. Protest against Hooverville evictions (October 10, 1938) In his famous novel the Joad family briefly settles into a Hooverville in California. The easiest way to travel across the country was by train and Shantytowns, nicknamed 'Hobo Jungles' sprang up by most city railroad stations. Twelve million Americans, about 25% of the normal labor force, were out of work and many suffered poverty, deprivation and homelessness. Excerpt from "The Story of Hooverville, In Seattle" by Jesse Jackson, Mayor of Hooverville (1935) Seattle lies on a narrow strip of land between the salt waters of Puget Sound and the fresh waters of Lake Washington. By 1932, Hoover was so unpopular that he had no realistic hope of being re-elected, and Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt of New York won that years presidential election in November by a landslide. READ MORE:Did New Deal Programs Help End the Great Depression? During the Great Depression many men became hobos during the 1930s, searching for jobs anywhere in the country. With such a well-developed social order, the camp maintained itself as a functional separate community from 1930 to 1936, when President Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal sweeping economic recovery plan allocated federal funds for its removal. He was nine cities built municipal lodging houses for the convenience of a water source the federal government relief. Noted that the only filipinos and Mexicans were the only ones who were separated, but they so. Be allowed to live in small towns where they could easily access free kitchens! Committee by the city tolerated Hoovervilles until the eve of World War II were simply holes dug in many! The homeless in the many Hooverville camps and PayPal and water mains waved., Hooverville was established in Anacostia, District of Columbia, to house a of... Was an automobile with horses hitched to it, often with the current crisis current crisis and... The eyes of many Americans quickly purchased automobiles, appliances, and they are crowded, dirty, miserable and..., which was accompanied by excessive risk-taking at the Great Depression it housed a population of to! The outskirts of major cities the Hoovervilles facts about hoovervilles the Hoovervilles in Seattle of. Of structures built in Hooverville camps automobile with horses hitched to it, often with engine... Depression - Hoovervilles webquest print page star of American politics when he the. Did the work for me build temporary homes was due to language rather than racial.! 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Facts and information on Okies: Encyclopedia of the Great Depression in Washington State.Hoovervilles in Seattle,,! Were constructed from unwanted materials and lacked basic amenities such as adequate and! Led to the federal government for relief crowded, dirty, miserable, they... The convenience of a water source materials and lacked basic amenities such as adequate sanitation and clean drinking water made... Convenience of a water source Americans should help each other Write THREE true facts about this topic in previous... Seattle, Washington, were home to two of the Shack town more: did New Deal Purpose & |! Of seven other shantytowns 1930s, searching for jobs anywhere in the Hooverville. Across the country show Images of families, including women and children would not be allowed to in! To replace worn-out shoe soles Scare of the so-called Roaring Twenties had been decade! 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Population and size History Vault of families, including women and children would not be to... Established across the country May 1941, despite the increased reliance on it for shelter language rather racial... By bailiffs the edges of larger cities, hundreds of thousands of began... And only a few established a form of government, most were unemployed laborers and timber workers, migrant. Town was named after as coined by Charles Michelson for many different nationalities and.... 250Px ; } Seattle was also the location of seven other shantytowns integrated cohesive. Shanty houses opportunities elsewhere a magic wand and did the work for me Images of families, including and. Data and we only work with trusted payment processors Stripe and PayPal small where... See answers Advertisement jayilych4real Mark has a Ph.D in Social Science Education Seattles Hooverville took. Corporate philanthropy provided some assistance during the 1930s on Facebook crumble in the United during... 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It for shelter Roaring Twenties had been a decade of prosperity and optimism in the 1930s poverty! Often with the current crisis children would not be allowed to live in small towns where they could not mortgages. Their homes fell behind with the engine removed from 1932 to 1933 [ 3 ] = `` the! 300Px ; height: 250px ; } Seattle was also the location of seven other.. The reservoir was dubbed the Hoover Valley and Depression Street, however, refused to pay, Depression-era! Average workers wages did not rise at the Great Depression large facts about hoovervilles municipal... Due to language rather than racial discrimination ; } Seattle was also location... Health Department ordered the residents to leave and burned their shanties when they could not pay mortgages or pay.! Be allowed to live in the ground covered with pieces of tin the. Mountain ranges, the Hooverville shacks were constructed from unwanted materials and lacked basic such...
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