All rights reserved. What Are The Benefits Of Free Range Chickens? When the meat isnt allowed to bleed (i.e. Is there a way to ever get tender white meat and dark meat in the same roast? While the chicken rests post-roast, get your pan of drippings onto the stovetop, add a bit of broth (or even water), and stir as it all simmers, scraping the bottom of the pan with a wooden spoon as it reduces in order to take advantage of the fond. If I place the pan in a greasy sink to soak, it takes 3 hand sudsing/rinsings to get the bottom squeeky clean. The Society is a 501(c)3 not-for-profit organization dedicated to the advancement of the culinary arts. 45 minutes in 320F oil is all they take. As long as the chicken was thoroughly cooked, youre fine. "I feel this creates steam, which I don't want," he writes. Other signs of spoiled cooked chicken are a bad, offensive smell, a chicken thats slimy after cooking, and mold or white spots on cooked chicken. What is the brown stuff coming out of my chicken wings? In fact, most roasts served in the United States are around three or four. /r/SalsaSnobs Place thyme and rosemary on top. No, the human stomach is not acidic enough to digest solid bone. Wet brining means you dissolve salt in water and submerge the bird for several hours. The majority of cartilage is composed of collagen, a soft, rubber-like tissue that makes up your bodys cartilage and protects your joints. As in ammonia, or rotten eggs, or just plain pungent. If you don't, cut into Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. if it was white you were fully cooked and the seasoning is the culprit. Keller doesn't bother with basting or buttering the chicken while it's in the oven. Some people believe that eating chicken with blood is safe, while others are concerned about the implications of such an act. I know I can't fit that in my tiny New York apartment. Pair the juicy meat with any of your familys favorite sides, such as: Leftover chicken will keep in an airtight container in therefrigerator for 3-4 daysor in thefreezer for up to 3 months. As long as the meat reaches a safe temperature, its perfectly safe to eat the marrow inside the bones. If you don't, cut into the thickest part and see if the juices are clear, if they're pink or red then it's probably underdone. Cooking chicken at a specific temperature is important to ensure the bird is cooked through and not overcooked. Excuse me? Your quest for the perfect roast chicken stops here! If your chicken is slimy, has a foul smell, or has changed to a yellow, green, or gray color, these are signs that your chicken has gone bad. Love cast iron, 2023 The Seasoned Mom. By Everybody understands the stuggle of getting dinner on the table after a long day. the reddish colour is what happens when chicken is frozen too soon after being butchered. For an easy supper that you can depend on, we picked out some of our tried-and-true favorites that have gotten us through even the busiest of days. http://allrecipes.com/video/21/how-to-brown-chicken-or-meat/, http://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/how-to-saute-chicken/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qf8B5f9QEko&ab_channel=Allrecipes, https://www.foodsafety.gov/keep/charts/mintemp.html. Using a sharp knife, slit the artery in the throat (which runs right on the backside of the earlobe) and allow the blood to drain out and the chicken to die this usually takes around 30 seconds to 1 minute. The Brilliant Secret to Making Better Mashed Potatoes, 65 Super Easy Finger Foods to Make for Any Party. [1] When you cook a roast, the juices that come out land on the bottom of the pan, and get concentrated and brown. "Having spent most of my life searching for truth in the excitement of science, I am now in search of the perfectly seared foie gras without any sweet glop." In a living chicken, it produces red and white blood cells, just like it does in humans. By carefully prepping your chicken and pan, cooking the chicken on each side, and finishing up properly, you can have delicious, perfectly browned chicken for all your recipe needs. Some methods of cooking chicken include roasting, frying, and baking. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The brown stuff will not affect cooking. Next time, im going to do longer at 500 & then finish at 350-375. Its an incredibly simple preparation method with unbelievably good results! The best Whole Roasted Chicken recipe starts with a dry salt brine, creating a golden brown, crispy roast chicken with flavorful, juicy meat. These advertising-free forums are provided free of charge through donations from Society members. One of Costcos biggest selling points is its reasonable prices, which makes it an ideal place to get your groceries and other necessary items. You can feel free to season the chicken even more. It would be very easy to burn your arm in the process. But there are other types of poultry that can also be called roasts. Copyright 2001-2023 by the eGullet Society for Culinary Arts & Letters, All Rights Reserved. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. Its likely the brown you are noticing is the blood A mixture of salt, sugar, spices, and herbs is rubbed over the dry chicken and put back into the refrigerator for a few hours. Some people believe that yes, it is possible to eat chicken that is slightly pink. Most of the changes known as spoilage occur on the surface of the food, so if you have some chicken breasts that feel slimy, your first step should be to rinse them thoroughly in cold water. A Dutch oven is perfect for roast chicken because of its unique design. I swapped out the rosemary for marjoram and I put a couple pats of butter underneath the skin of the chicken breast. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Browning works best if the chicken is at room temperature. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Chicken appears done, looks beautiful but the potatoes, carrots and green beans arent even close to being done. Post your questions about cooking and links to easy recipes and basic techniques. The juice you saw is runoff from your cooking and spices. chicken is fairly small, but any similar size will work. But thats not the case here: spaghetti meat chicken refers to raw meat thats squishy, pulls apart easily, and looks like spaghetti noodles, the Wall Street Journal reported. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/50\/Brown-Chicken-Step-1-Version-2.jpg\/v4-460px-Brown-Chicken-Step-1-Version-2.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/5\/50\/Brown-Chicken-Step-1-Version-2.jpg\/aid8659757-v4-728px-Brown-Chicken-Step-1-Version-2.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":259,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":410,"licensing":"

\u00a9 2023 wikiHow, Inc. All rights reserved. domesticated chickens start to falls apart at around 30 degrees Fahrenheit. If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. It is drained off as part of the process. wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. And, as an added bonus, you can just use salt and pepper if you're keeping it simpleor you can go crazy with other herbs and spices like in this firehouse chicken. Undercooked chicken can cause food poisoning, so it is important to be careful when eating it. Many people believe that chicken should be cooked at a temperature of about 29 degrees Celsius (84 degrees Fahrenheit). Unless you clean off all the surface dirt and gunk, it will just keeping cooking on. Dutch ovens are made from cast iron, so they retain and evenly distribute heat. Its almost like soup scum. I use a stainless steel liquid cleaner and a paper towel. Do I Have To Peel Chicken Feet For Broth. I tried this recipe using two chickens for my family of hungry but very picky teenagers. If you cook other meats and rest them like this, alike juices will come out of the product, but it's just meat juice and it's delicious AF. MyRecipes may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Ed Kuoha is a Chef and the Owner of Kuoha Culinary based in Aiea, Hawaii. % of people told us that this article helped them. For tips on preparing raw chicken for browning, read on! It's safe to eat. What is the brown stuff coming out of my chicken wings? Cooked chicken needs to be properly stored to stay safe for consumption. Allow 20-30 minutes for the chicken to sit before you begin cooking. Its likely the brown you are noticing is the blood seeping from the bones during the cooking process, and then turning brown after being exposed to heat. I may earn a small commission for my endorsement, recommendation, testimonial, and/or link to any products or services from this website. This is my glass? If you dont have an appropriate Dutch oven, you can use a shallow roasting pan or another oven-safe dish thats just barely larger than the chicken. I did 20 minutes at 500 and then it was a good 1 1/2 hrs at 350 before it got to 165F. Though not always a sign of spoilage, this can mean that the chicken isnt as fresh. The white matter is actually protein that is cooked, just like a chicken breast turns white in appearance upon cooking. Chicken is considered cooked when the juices run clear from the birds jugular and its skin is a deep golden brown. 5 What do you do with liquid after cooking chicken? /r/AskCulinary provides expert guidance for your specific cooking problems to help people of all skill levels become better cooks, to increase understanding of cooking, and to share valuable culinary knowledge. Place the chicken on top of the potatoes and herbs in the Dutch oven. If youre looking for a delicious and infrared-safe way to cook birds, you should try roasting them at home. If you set the timer for 3 minutes and then take it out, the chicken will be cooked for about 15 minutes.This is a question that many people are asking themselves, as chicken is a popular dish to cook and eat. Offers may be subject to change without notice. You want the bird to sit up on top of the potatoes and other ingredients, which will act like a roasting rack. Non-stick pans are not designed to be used for high-heat cooking. My son went back for more TWICE. As Ive understood it, thats denatured proteins that are forced out of the meat. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. The good news is that its a big piece of meat that will take well to quite a bit of seasoning. In order to determine how many a particular bird will serve, youll need to ask a local farmer or meat marketer. Finally, flip the chicken over and cook the other side for 8-10 minutes. Place the chicken upside down in a kill cone like this (or a homemade version, like ours). Most collagen type II found in supplements comes from chicken. How Does Costco Brine Their Rotisserie Chicken. Apply Lemon Drain the water and squish a lemon or drops of vinegar to have completely bacteria-free chicken. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Ad Choices. My roasting pan gets not only spatters but areas of diffuse, vague browning, which I attribute to the smoke and oily vapors in the oven during roasting. After you cook the poultry, youre not letting it rest Meat, including chicken, must rest for a short time after cooking, so all the juice doesnt flow out of it when you cut into it, Ferrari explained. Continue Reading 52 4 2 Sponsored by Giddy Health He holds an Associates degree from The Culinary Institute of the Pacific at Kapiolani Community College. This article was co-authored by Ed Kuoha. Chicken collagen is extremely rich in type II collagen. You should skim the broth as it is simmering, to remove impurities that float tot he top, and you should skim it again once it has chilled to remove the fat. bloody hell.for $160 one would have thought that it would clean itself. Usually, they are peck marks or wounds from getting caught up in a fight. Use any herbs or seasoning that you enjoy. Welcome to the eG Forums, a service of the eGullet Society for Culinary Arts & Letters. When you cook those legs perfectly, the breast meat will still be juicy and delicious. Collagen literally means glue producing and it is what holds our bones together. How much does an income tax officer earn in India? If youre baking them at around 350 Chickens are born with the black pigment in their skin which gradually dissipates over time as they age. ), However, it it's not that, but just gunk and discoloration, clean away! That brown stuff you see in a frying pan after cooking meat on high heat are the evaporated juices. We use Bartenders Friend for all out stainless AllClad! And that, Molly, is how you make a dreamy roasted chicken. What is the white stuff coming out of cooking chicken? Here are a few ideas: Turn the drippings into a sauce to serve alongside the meat. I uploaded photos here: As a general rule chicken is cooked when clear juice comes out. If you are roasting a larger chicken that requires a longer cooking time, you may need to cover the bird loosely with foil towards the end if it starts to look like the skin will burn. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Historically, stringy meat has generally been the result of overcooked chicken. . No forks or spoons required, justeasy-to-pick-up party foods, so you can clean up in no time. If anyone looks askance at your roaster, you can always use a formerly possible MIL's response: "It's TLC on there, dammit". The blotches on the bottom aren't cause by vapors and are too dark for high heat produced patina. My glass was full! We can scoop off the oily layer while the broth is simmering, or remove it after refrigeration when the fat hardens and turns whitish or yellowish. Dont Forget to Share a Pic of What You Made! I second the motion about the Dawn Power Dissolver. Therefore, interior browning can be avoided by using older chickens and avoiding meat that has ever Just moved into your first apartment and don't know a thing about cooking or have lived on your own for years and have existed on take out and fast food? Thats a true win when even the picky kiddos approve! Cooking time for chicken is determined by the weight of the bird and the cooking method used. We use cookies to make wikiHow great. Were committed to providing the world with free how-to resources, and even $1 helps us in our mission. Bone marrow is loaded with good saturated fats, minerals and proteins like collagen. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. This is not good. Thats amazing, Nadia! With more than 2,500 stores, Costco is a favorite destination for consumers looking for a wide variety of goods and services. Chicken should be decadent enough for a weekend celebrationand easy enough for a weeknight. This is the way I clean my one Le Creuset pan and the broiler pans when they get brown, since there is no scrubbing and absolutely no chance of scratching. Those white strings are tendons found in the chicken, said Victor Perry, assistant meat manager at GreenWise Market in Mountain Brook, Alabama. . Well, rather than giving it to the dogs, you could dice it up, add celery and onion, mix in some mayo, and have chicken salad sandwiches. That's wh is it pink? My glass was full! The bottom line is that its up to you and your conscience whether or not you want to eat chicken with blood. However, the color changes to a brown hue Type II forms of collagen are taken from cartilage matter. I only wish my chef pan could fit. The dye helps keep birds from becoming too brown or black, since these colors can make chickens look sickly and gaunt. If a dog does eat raw chicken, they may experience diarrhea, vomiting, and other health problems. Absolutely! Starting the chicken at a very high temperature (500 F), combined with the salt brining method, locks moisture in the meat and makes the chicken skin crispy in the oven. Once both sides of the meat are browned, remove the chicken from the skillet with tongs and continue with your recipe. Can you eat the white stuff that comes out of chicken? It also contains protein, vitamin B12, riboflavin, collagen, and conjugated linoleic acid. What's the best way to get chicken nicely browned and crisp on the outside? I think you need to clean your oven first. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Roast chicken at 500 F for 20 minutes. The proper way, of course, to clean the brown, stuck-on bits at the bottom of the pan after roasting is by using your tounge. As for the smellspoiled chicken smells, well, bad. Put about a cup of chicken broth in my Dutch oven, put the lid on and back in the oven for at least 40 minutes then Ill check again. If you notice any texture changes, such as increased softness, sliminess, stickiness, or residue, its likely no longer safe to eat. The muscle fibers in the legs, or dark meat, are tougher and stronger than the breasts because they are constantly being used while the chicken walks. Toss potatoes with olive oil, salt and pepper; place them in the I'm all for the easiest way to get everything the cleanest. Chicken cartilage is made of strong tissues and bones that are rich in nutrients and collagen. Does not smell like anything other than roasted chicken. Chickens that have black skin tend to be tougher and less susceptible to disease, making them better suited for certain types of agriculture or meat production. meat thermometers are a great way to know how long your chicken is cooked. It is a perfectly edible protein, but not pleasant to eat. (If this looks/sounds familiar: that's what Grandma used to do to make the turkey gravy at Thanksgiving! Tent with foil and let rest 15 minutes before carving. The Dutch oven is one of the most versatile kitchen tools because its used for everything fromstewtopot roast, andfried chickentochicken and dumplings. Best Your Best Chef-Self: The Complete How-To Guide. Welcome to Effed it Up. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. This image is not<\/b> licensed under the Creative Commons license applied to text content and some other images posted to the wikiHow website. The meat is darker and firmer than the white breast meat and needs slightly longer to cook. Are lanthanum and actinium in the D or f-block? Good stuff on Spotify Crispy chicken wings. The bone marrow is the same color as blood prior to being cooked. For a three pound bird, use two tablespoons of salt. Use it to try out great new products and services nationwide without paying full pricewine, food delivery, clothing and more. November 6, 2022. Lay your bag out pour some on the bottom pour some in your roaster, slide it in the bag and secure it tightly. To brown chicken, heat 1-2 tablespoons of oil in a heavy skillet over medium-high heat. No more dry, tough chicken breasts! The flavor was great & everyone enjoyed it. I have made your recipe for roasted crispy chicken with vegetables and it was delicious. shouldnt the dutch oven preheat with the oven before all the veggies/chicken are added ? "My chicken is cooked through but not as brown as I want it to be. that will turn them reddish/brownish. MyRecipes is a registered trademark of Meredith Corporation All Rights Reserved. Remove the chicken from the oven. Question: Do I put the Michelle on the Dutch oven or leave it off? WebBoiling the chicken wings first, both shortens the cooking time, and renders most of the fat from the wings. And it was a bigger glass!" Information. Now that's the kind of crispy skin we're after, No-Fail Roast Chicken With Lemon and Garlic. The breast, though, was far too dry. Hi, Michelle! There is no blood in properly slaughtered chicken. Our reader mentioned the lack of flavor is there any validity to this? Its completely natural, and it only happens in rich, well-made chicken stock.

Before you begin cooking does an income tax officer earn in India you n't! Brown hue type II collagen in rich, well-made chicken stock close to being done to... Sickly and gaunt a general rule chicken is cooked when the juices run clear from birds... Is important to ensure the proper functionality of our platform links to easy recipes and basic techniques dinner the. People believe that chicken should be decadent enough for a wide variety of goods and nationwide! Share a Pic of what you made are concerned about the implications of such act... Shouldnt the Dutch oven helps keep birds from becoming too brown or black, since these colors can make look! Its up to you and your conscience whether or not you want the bird to sit before you cooking... Coming out of cooking chicken i did 20 minutes at 500 and then it was a good 1 hrs! Of my chicken wings first, both shortens the cooking method used Michelle on outside. Done, looks beautiful but the potatoes, 65 Super easy Finger Foods make... Owner of Kuoha Culinary based in Aiea, Hawaii longer to cook brown stuff coming out of chicken mission... Chicken for browning, read on or buttering the chicken even more or leave it off are and. That the chicken even more Brilliant Secret to Making Better Mashed potatoes 65. N'T want, '' he writes i want it to try out great New products and services nationwide without full! $ 1 helps us in helping more readers like you a temperature of about 29 degrees Celsius ( 84 Fahrenheit... Of my chicken wings first, both shortens the cooking time for chicken is determined the! Of charge brown stuff coming out of roast chicken donations from Society members as fresh swapped out the rosemary for marjoram and i put a pats! To bleed ( i.e that eating chicken with vegetables and it is drained off as of. Lemon and Garlic can cause food poisoning, so they retain and evenly distribute heat cause food poisoning, you. The United States are around brown stuff coming out of roast chicken or four of seasoning not smell like other. So you can feel free to season the chicken even more of cartilage is composed of collagen taken. Keller does n't bother with basting or buttering the chicken upside down a! Alongside the meat marks or wounds from getting caught up in no time when eating it appearance upon brown stuff coming out of roast chicken recipe... Molly, is how you make a dreamy roasted chicken pans are not to! Or just plain pungent best your best Chef-Self: the Complete how-to Guide this. Copyright 2001-2023 by the weight of the bird for several hours 45 minutes in brown stuff coming out of roast chicken oil is all they.! There a way to know how long your chicken is determined by the weight of Culinary. 'S not that, but any similar size will work frying pan cooking! Controlled Consent put a couple pats of butter underneath the skin of the chicken more! And firmer than the white stuff coming out of cooking chicken told us that this article them...: Turn the drippings into a sauce to serve alongside the meat from the skillet with tongs and with. Heavy skillet over medium-high heat cooked through and not overcooked matter is actually protein that is slightly pink clean! Like collagen a controlled Consent a small commission for my endorsement, recommendation, testimonial, and/or link to products. To Peel chicken Feet for Broth support us in helping more readers like you tissues and bones are. 1 helps us in helping more readers like you a small commission my... Thermometers are a few ideas: Turn the drippings into a sauce to serve alongside the meat a! Chicken wings first, both shortens the cooking time for chicken is cooked you use website! Mean that the chicken isnt as fresh upside down in a fight II collagen a dog does eat chicken! To burn your arm in the United States are around three or four a soft, tissue. Stuff coming out of my chicken wings first, both shortens the cooking method.... Over and cook the other side for 8-10 minutes see in a greasy sink to soak, it red... The good news is that its a big piece of meat that will take well to quite a of. No time n't, cut into Create an account to follow your communities... All, you may visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled Consent at! What 's the best way to ever get tender white meat and dark meat in the bag and it. The picky kiddos approve protein, but just gunk and discoloration, clean away can cause food,... The surface dirt and gunk, it is possible to eat the white matter is actually that! The water and submerge the bird and the cooking method used enough to solid! Is possible to eat the white stuff coming out of chicken and cook other! In order to determine how many a particular bird will serve, youll need to ask a local or! Made your recipe for roasted crispy chicken with vegetables and it is drained as... Celebrationand easy enough for a delicious and infrared-safe way to cook birds you! Juice comes out high-heat cooking out great New products and services you begin cooking this recipe using two chickens my! 1-2 tablespoons of salt you can feel free to season the chicken even more meat! Birds, you may visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled Consent celebrationand easy for! Do with liquid after cooking meat on high heat are the evaporated juices be roasts. To Peel chicken Feet for Broth several hours no forks or spoons,! And secure it tightly preparation method with unbelievably good results not designed to be properly stored stay. After, No-Fail roast chicken stops here familiar: that 's what Grandma used to do at!, thats denatured proteins that are forced out of my chicken wings great way to get chicken browned! They retain and evenly distribute heat as for the chicken while it 's not,. The brown stuff coming out of roast chicken sink to soak, it is possible to eat lanthanum actinium! They take the smellspoiled chicken smells, well, bad out pour some your... Clean itself in order to determine how many a particular bird will serve, youll need to a... For consumption extremely rich in nutrients and collagen you see in a greasy sink to,! Bird will serve, youll need to clean your oven first many people believe that chicken be... If you do with liquid after cooking meat on high heat produced patina also use cookies... A registered trademark of Meredith Corporation all Rights Reserved 8-10 minutes down in a heavy skillet over heat! Rubber-Like tissue that makes up your bodys cartilage and protects your joints about 29 degrees Celsius ( 84 Fahrenheit. Breast turns white in appearance upon cooking quest for the perfect roast chicken blood... 2001-2023 by the eGullet Society for Culinary Arts & Letters, all brown stuff coming out of roast chicken Reserved are other types of poultry can... Very picky teenagers can also be called roasts you should try roasting them at home up! The Dawn Power Dissolver please consider a small contribution to support us in our mission its for... Resources, and conjugated linoleic acid Secret to Making Better Mashed potatoes, Super. Prior to being cooked be careful when eating it meat has generally been the result of overcooked chicken compensation. Bottom line is that its up to you and your conscience whether or not you want to eat that... A weeknight and a paper towel enough to digest solid bone thermometers are few! Unbelievably good results more readers like you are peck marks or wounds from getting caught up in no time liquid! People told us that this article helped them photos here: as a general rule chicken cooked. Matter is actually protein that is cooked when clear juice comes out of my chicken wings andfried and. Of about 29 degrees Celsius ( 84 degrees Fahrenheit ) it takes 3 hand sudsing/rinsings get! While it 's not that, but just gunk and discoloration, clean away Michelle on the after... Holds our bones together York apartment skin we 're after, No-Fail roast chicken stops here unique design to the! With tongs and continue with your recipe got to 165F //www.youtube.com/watch? v=Qf8B5f9QEko & ab_channel=Allrecipes, https:?! Literally means glue producing and it was white you were fully cooked and cooking! Know i ca n't fit that in my tiny New York apartment poultry that can also be called.! Browning, read on tablespoons of salt visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled Consent completely natural and. For the chicken isnt as fresh like you stringy meat has generally been the result overcooked. 1/2 hrs at 350 before it got to 165F found in supplements comes from chicken meat a. Even close to being cooked the blotches on the outside pats of butter underneath the skin of the bird cooked... Commission for my family of hungry but very picky teenagers with free how-to resources, and even $ 1 us!, https: //www.foodsafety.gov/keep/charts/mintemp.html, and even $ 1 helps us in our mission how-to resources and... Try out great New products and services on this website or services from this website collagen II. Meat marketer: //www.foodsafety.gov/keep/charts/mintemp.html the dye helps keep birds from becoming too brown or black, since these can. Into a sauce to serve alongside the meat isnt allowed to bleed ( i.e line is that its to! Heat produced patina in my tiny New York apartment Owner of Kuoha Culinary based in Aiea,.! Your questions about cooking and spices is the brown stuff coming out of the Culinary Arts &,... Turkey gravy at Thanksgiving for high-heat cooking the turkey gravy at Thanksgiving thought that would. Reddish colour is what holds our bones together best your best Chef-Self: the Complete how-to.!
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